Quantum of matter

Matter provides substance to all ‘quanta of matter’. Quantum of matter is a very small bit of matter. Matter-content of a quantum of matter provides its objective reality and positive existence in space. A quantum of matter exists in all spatial dimensions, however small such measurements may be. Different quanta of matter may contain different quantities of matter. Quanta of matter are perpetual entities. They cannot be destroyed or created. There are infinite numbers of quanta of matter and they fill the entire space in definite structural forms. No other imaginary particles or assumed properties are envisaged in this concept. Due to inherent ability of matter to exist, matter-contents at nearest points (within a quantum of matter or between quanta of matter in direct contact in the same spatial dimensions) have a tendency to merge (similar to an adhesive property). Matter-content of a quantum of matter tends to maintain its integrity under all conditions. Each quantum of matter is an independent matter-body and it keeps its individuality. In its free state, a quantum of matter is a one-dimensional body with length as its only tangible measurement. Although it may be understood as one-dimensional object, it exists in space as a real body. As a real object, it has its existence in all spatial dimensions. In its one-dimensional status, its measurements in all higher spatial dimensions are negligible compared to its length. Majority of quanta of matter in nature are of somewhat equal matter-contents. Quanta of matter, existing in different spatial dimensions and intersecting at a point, are able to co-exist at the point of their intersection. They cannot intersect in the same spatial dimensions. Due to the adhesive property of its matter-content, a free quantum of matter tends to grow in one spatial dimension, while reducing its measurements in all other spatial dimensions. If left free, in free space, a quantum of matter will grow in length indefinitely, while reducing magnitudes in other spatial dimensions. Since matter cannot be compressed, reduction of its measurement in one spatial dimension is bound to increase its spatial dimension in another spatial dimension. Even though, spatial dimensions of a quantum of matter, other than its single spatial dimension, are negligibly small, a quantum of matter has positive existence in all three spatial dimensions. Thus, a free quantum of matter is a one-dimensional matter-body with positive existence in all spatial dimensions. It has a body and two ends. Reducing the length of a free quantum of matter, by external efforts, compels it to grow into second spatial dimension. Similarly, reducing the area of a 2D quantum of matter, in its spatial plane, by external effort compels it to grow into the third spatial dimension. It is at this juncture that the real 3D matter, as we know, is created. Although quanta of matter in their 1D status are real matter-bodies with positive existence in space, their measurements in all spatial dimensions are too small to be tangible by our standards. Because of this difficulty, we are unable to appreciate their real existence in 3D spatial system. We may consider quanta of matter in their 1D and 2D states as functional entities. All superior 3D matter-bodies are formed by groups of quanta of matter. Their diverse properties are natural extensions of characteristic properties of quanta of matter. Entire space (outside 3D matter-particles) is filled with quanta of matter in definite structural formations. Creation, development, destruction and apparent interactions of all matter-bodies strictly follow ‘cause and effect’ relation. There are no actions at a distance through empty space.

Universal medium in ‘Hypothesis on MATTER’

‘Hypothesis on MATTER’ [updated in the book ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’] proposes a new universal medium. It is made of real matter in the form of ‘quanta of matter’. All other superior bodies, functions and characteristic properties of diverse matter-bodies are developed from and by quanta of matter. In order to distinguish the proposed universal medium from other forms of media in the past, it is shown as a combination of ‘2D energy fields’. 2D energy fields are formed from quanta of matter by definite mechanism, developed from inherent properties of quanta of matter. Since 2D energy fields fill the entire space, their constituent quanta of matter fill the entire space outside 3D matter-particles. Combination of 2D energy fields has all the required properties for an ideal (universal) medium. ‘2D energy fields’ by quanta of matter are real ‘material objects’ and together they form ideal all-pervading universal medium that can be substituted for space. 2D energy fields extend to infinity in all directions, each one in its own plane. ‘2D energy fields’ are arrangements of infinite numbers of latticework structures formed by quanta of matter, separately in each plane. A 2D energy field exists and extends infinitely in all directions in its own spatial plane. All possible spatial planes in the universe contain one 2D energy field, each. A 2D energy field has definite structure and it derives all its characteristic properties from constituent quanta of matter. Being the sole occupant of space (except 3D matter), 2D energy fields have to create 3D matter-particles from and by itself. ‘2D energy fields’ also has to maintain the stability and integrity of all such 3D matter-particles created and superior matter-bodies formed by 3D matter-particles. Apparent interactions, by the help of 2D energy fields, combine and group 3D matter-particles to form diverse fundamental matter-particles and larger macro bodies. Having a structured universal medium, in place of form-less and imaginary space has many advantages. An all encompassing universal medium ensures direct contact between each of 3D matter-particles in the universe. This avoids the assumption of ‘action at a distance through empty space’. 2D energy fields in all possible planes, extending infinitely in all directions and filling the entire space, together, provide an all-encompassing and real universal medium. It becomes an inherent property of ‘2D energy fields’ to be self-stabilizing, isotropic, homogeneous and serene. A steady universal medium provides an absolute reference for all actions and locations of 3D matter-bodies in space. Since the universal medium has a structure, it can deform, contract or expand. It acts as the originator of all actions on 3D matter-bodies and apparent interactions between 3D matter-bodies. 3D matter is inert; it has no ability to act or move on its own. A universal medium, structured with real matter-particles, can logically explain all actions and characteristic properties of diverse matter-bodies in nature. Summarising the above, we can find that the universal medium: Is made of quanta of matter. Has definite structure and behaves like a perfect liquid. Is able to repair itself and tends to strive towards homogeneous, isotropic and serene state. Extends indefinitely in all directions and fills the entire space outside the most basic 3D matter-particles. Has highest matter density that is equal to the matter-density of the most basic 3D matter-particle. Is the direct link between all basic 3D matter-particles in nature. Is the cause and actuator of all apparent actions and apparent interactions in nature. Is perpetually under compression, even without a limiting container. Produces the property of gravitation by perpetual compression of 3D matter-particles. Causes different manifestations of gravitation (only natural effort) to appear as various ‘natural forces’. In short, the universal medium proposed in the book ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’ is a materialistic entity that is omnipresent, omnipotent and omniscient, which initiates, controls and terminates all actions and apparent interactions in a steady state universe. For details visit www.matterdoc.info.

Spatial states of existence of matter

Matter provides substance to all real entities. A three-dimensional matter-particle contains matter without voids in it. Whole space, occupied by a 3D matter-particle, is occupied by matter. Real universal medium is also made up of matter. Universal medium fills the entire space outside 3D matter-particles. There are no voids in it either. Hence, entire space outside 3D matter-particles is also filled with matter. In order to satisfy these requirements, matter-density of a 3D matter-particle and the matter-density of universal medium, outside 3D matter-particle, have to be the same. As 3D matter-particles and the surrounding universal medium have the same matter-density, entire space (universal medium along with 3D matter-particles in it) should form a single block of matter of uniform matter-density and of infinite extent and volume. Matter cannot be compressed beyond the matter-density of a 3D matter-particle or that of universal medium. A matter-body of zero volume and infinite mass (singularity) is impossible to achieve. Yet, while the 3D matter-particles and the macro bodies formed by them are tangible and can be sensed, universal medium and its matter-components should remain intangible and hidden from 3D rational beings. This shows that (with respect to rational beings) matter can have different states of existence. In certain states of existence, 3D rational beings can observe matter (in the form of matter-bodies) and in certain states of existence, 3D rational beings can not observe or sense matter (when it is in the form of universal medium). Sensory organs and instruments of 3D rational beings are evolved to sense only 3D matter-bodies. Hence they observe and consider only 3D matter-bodies as real entities. For this a matter-body has to be tangible and observable in 3D spatial system. To be tangible or observable, a 3D matter-body has to have certain measurements in all three spatial dimensions. If dimensions of a 3D matter-body in any or all of three spatial dimensions become too small to be tangible or observable by standards of 3D rational beings, they could no more be considered as (real) 3D entities. However, since these matter-bodies continue to exist in all spatial dimensions, they are real entities. Although these matter-bodies have their existence in all spatial dimensions, rational beings will not be able to observe or sense them, only because their measurements in one or more spatial dimension(s) is/are intangible by 3D standards. If the spatial-dimensional measurement of a matter-body becomes intangible in any one of three spatial dimensions, it may be considered as a two-dimensional matter-body. If the spatial-dimensional measurements of a matter-body become intangible in any two of three spatial dimensions, it may be considered as a single-dimensional matter-body. Therefore, it is possible for matter to remain real and be able to exist in 1D, 2D or 3D states. In its 1D and 2D states, a matter-body is hidden from 3D rational beings. Although these matter-bodies are real, as they are hidden, 3D rational beings may consider them to be functional entities. Only in its 3D state, a matter-body becomes real and observable to 3D rational beings. However, this does not prevent matter in any spatial dimension from being a real entity.