2D energy fields II

Although 3D matter-particles are created out of and by the 2D energy fields, volumetric shape and space enclosed by their bodies are distinct from surrounding 2D energy fields. 2D energy fields maintain constant contact at a 3D matter-body’s surfaces and maintain its three-dimensional status. 2D energy fields, inherently being under compression, exert external pressure on all 3D matter-particles (disturbances) in it. This phenomenon is gravitation. Gravitational effort is enormously stronger than all other manifestations of ‘natural force’. ‘Natural forces’, classified into various types (gravitational attraction, electromagnetic, nuclear, inertial, etc. forces), are derived from gravitational actions. Hence, there is only one type of effort in nature and all ‘natural forces’ are different manifestations of the gravitational efforts. Actions are recognized by inertial motions of corresponding 3D matter-bodies. Magnitudes of gravitational actions are proportional to the extent of 2D energy fields, applying the effort. Since the 2D energy fields extend infinitely, their extents on the outer sides of a pair of 3D matter-bodies are always greater than their extents in between the bodies. Hence, gravitational actions on these bodies are greater on their outer sides. Resultant of gravitational actions on these bodies appears to push them towards each other. This phenomenon appears as the ‘gravitational attraction’ between them. Currently, only this dynamic-part of gravitational action is considered as its sole nature. Static nature of gravitation is more important and basic. Since the gravitational actions are between 3D matter-particles and 2D energy fields, which are in direct contact, they change instantaneously and continuously on changes in parameters of corresponding 3D matter-bodies. Gravitational actions by 2D energy fields are the basis of creation of 3D matter, development of various primary and fundamental matter-particles, formation of atoms/molecules and macro bodies. 2D energy fields create, sustain and gradually destroy all 3D matter-bodies in nature. Nature of distortions in the 2D energy fields, in and about matter-bodies of various sizes and structures, defines their characteristic properties and nature of apparent interactions between them. Gravitational attraction between (macro) matter-bodies compels them to move in space. Hence, all 3D matter-bodies in nature, except stable galaxies (with angular motion), are under linear motion. Galaxies have special mechanism that keeps them in relatively static location within 2D energy fields. As a whole, the universe is steady and perpetual. However, 3D matter and macro bodies in different parts of universe are cyclically destroyed and rebuilt. During destruction, 3D matter is reverted to its basic form of quanta of matter to become part of 2D energy fields. Simultaneously, 3D matter-particles are formed elsewhere in the 2D energy fields through various stages of creation and conversion to produce 3D macro bodies. Every possible plane in space contains a 2D energy field, each. 2D energy fields in different planes, passing through a point, co-exist at that point. 2D energy fields fill the entire space outside the most basic 3D matter-particles. 2D energy fields in all possible planes in three-dimensional space, together, replace the functional entity of ‘space’ with a real entity of universal medium, formed by ‘2D energy fields’. Since a volumetric space is filled with the 2D energy fields and 3D matter-particles in it, the entire volume of space is occupied by quanta of matter, either in the form of 3D matter or as matter in lower spatial dimensions. Total matter-content within this volume of space is comparable with matter-content of a 3D matter-particle occupying similar volume of space. Since the 2D energy fields cannot act among themselves, matter-content enclosed within this volume of space, in the form of 2D energy fields, cannot express itself to 3D rational beings. However, a 3D matter-particle of the same volume can be acted upon by surrounding 2D energy fields. Rational beings recognize (3D) matter-bodies by their expression of actions to an observer. Therefore, even though the matter-content of a volumetric space in the 2D energy fields remains hidden from observers, a 3D matter-particle of similar volume within the 2D energy fields is observable. This is why the 3D matter is considered as real matter and 2D and 1D matter are considered as functional matter in this concept. This hidden part of matter in the universe (occupying nearly whole volume of space) may be understood as ‘dark matter’. 2D energy fields extend in all directions to infinity. It is the ability of rational beings to gather information from a distance that determines limit of universe for them. Although 2D energy fields extents infinitely in all directions, it is the limitation on the ability of rational beings that limits the size of universe for them. This limit is identical in all directions, irrespective of location of observer in space. To any rational being, the universe appears spherical with definite size, which depends on its ability to gather information from. 2D energy fields accounts for creation, sustenance and apparent interactions of three-dimensional matter-bodies. Perpetuity of 2D energy fields bestows the universe with its ‘steady state’ of perpetual existence.