Force

Generally, the term ‘force’ is understood as the cause of an action and it is considered as synonymous to effort. Currently, a force is understood as a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object. It is the rate of work done about a body with respect to the distance of action. [In the physical sciences, power is the rate of work done about a body with respect to the interval of action and the pressure is the perpendicular force exerted on an object per unit area, or the stress at a point within a confined fluid]. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, work (structural distortions in the universal medium) is transferred from the matter-field of one body that has higher distortion-density to the matter-field of the other body that has lower distortion-density. That is to say that a force acts only from the ‘force-applying mechanism’ to the ‘force-receiving body’. Since the work that is being transferred has an origin and a destination, the force has a definite direction – from the force-applying mechanism to the force-receiving body. This nature of force indicates that all forces are of push nature. However, when we consider the action with respect to the force-applying mechanism, it appears that it is being pulled by the force-receiving body. This appearance produces the fallacy of pull forces and the assumption of equal but opposite forces upon both the objects. When the interaction ceases, no work is transferred between matter-fields of the two objects (they experience the force no longer). In physics, ‘action at a distance’ is the concept that an object can be moved, changed, or otherwise affected without being physically touched (as in mechanical contact) by another object. A nonlocal interaction of objects that are separated in space is an impossible proposition. Application of force essentially requires direct contact between matter-fields of interacting objects. In the alternative concept, proposed in the book ‘MATTER (Re-examined)’, a medium of direct contact between objects at a distance is provided by the universal medium, structured by quanta of matter. Direct contact is between matter-fields of interacting bodies rather their constituent 3D matter-particles. A push force develops when work is transferred from matter-field of higher distortion-density to the matter-field of lower distortion-density. See: http://vixra.org/pdf/1512.0248v1.pdf